Laboratory Model Tests on Dredger Fills by Vacuum Preloading with No Sand Cushion

Abstract

It is difficult to operate on the hydraulic-filled mucky soil foundation which the water content is high, so the vacuum preloading method with no sand cushion is used to deal with the foundation in some areas in China. Although there are still many problems in it’s application, such as, the effective range of the prefabricated vertical drains(PVDs) is small, the surrounding soil is easy to be accumulated and the soil strength increases little. For these problems, a laboratory model test on dredger fills made from the 4th layer of the Shanghai mucky soil by vacuum preloading with no sand cushion is performed. The changes and distributions in the settlement, water contents, permeability, plasticity index and grain composition of the dredger fill are studied in the process of the vacuum preloading. It is found that the water contents and permeability of the soft clay near the PVD (the diameter is about 40 to 50cm) are much lower than the outside, while the content of fine particles, plasticity index and soil strength near the PVD is much higher than the others. The measured data shows that the fine particles gather to a soil column at the center of the PVD under the action of vacuum negative pressure, then the permeability and the grain composition of the soil around the PVD is changed. As a result, soil parameters are not evenly distributed. Finally, some suggestions about how to reduce the non-uniformity are proposed.