Abstract
Background: Tamil Nadu recorded more than one fourth of all dengue cases and deaths in the country the state recorded 9,249 dengue cases and 60 deaths in 2012. There is a need for specific, inexpensive dengue diagnostic tests that can be used for clinical management, surveillance and outbreak investigations and would permit early intervention to treat patients and prevent or control epidemics. Material and methods: This cross sectional study was done by using MAC capture ELISA for IgM, IgG capture ELISA and NS1 antigen detection by sandwich ELISA during 2013 to 2014 for one year. Results: Out of 151 suspected cases of dengue 60 were found to positive by using dengue ELISA kit. The incidence of dengue viral infection was 39.74%, whereas during 2012 to 2013 out of 162 samples 27 (incidence 16.66%) were positive in our hospital based on statistics as mentioned above. Conclusion: The laboratory diagnosis of dengue virus infection by three ELISA methods along with clinical correlation with proper case definition had improved case detection as well as proper treatment in our hospital. Based on this study we can conclude that September, October, November, and December are the months of higher incidence of dengue virus infection.
Highlights
Dengue has been known to be endemic in India for over two centuries.[1]
The laboratory diagnosis of each case of dengue virus infection was done by all three ELISA methods along with clinical correlation
The incidence of dengue viral infection was 39.74%, whereas during 2012 to 2013 out of 162 samples 27 were positive in our tertiary hospital based on statistics as mentioned above
Summary
Dengue has been known to be endemic in India for over two centuries.[1]. Among 18 endemic states, the most affected regions are Delhi, West Bengal, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Gujarat and Haryana.[2]. Clinical manifestations from Dengue viral infections include asymptomatic infection to dengue fever (DF) and the severe disease dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome (DHF/DSS). Dengue infections are asymptomatic or may include mild symptoms in the form of undifferentiated fever with or without rash. The clinical presentation of acute dengue infection is non-specific. 5–10% of patients progress to severe DHF/DSS that can result in death if unmanaged appropriately.[5,6] Approximately 3–4 days after the onset of fever, patients can present with petechiae, rash, epistaxis, and gingival and gastrointestinal bleeding. Conclusion: The laboratory diagnosis of dengue virus infection by three ELISA methods along with clinical correlation with proper case definition had improved case detection as well as proper treatment in our hospital.
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