Labor markets of urban agglomerations in Russia

Abstract

The research is devoted to the current state of the labor market of the largest urban agglomerations in Russia. Based on the belt model of agglomeration (consisting of 3 elements), we consider the indicator of official (formal employment) jobs and the level of wages, as well as their differences with distance from the center. To do this, we use data from the Federal tax service’s tax reports that most fully characterize the state of the labor market and cover a full range of businesses and organizations. On the basis of the balance method (the ratio of supply and demand for labor), the existing disparities in the levels of security and the level of remuneration, an assessment of all agglomerations on the relative and absolute potential for the development of labor migration was carried out. It is shown that there is a strong differentiation of the structure of the labor market in Russian agglomerations. The situation in the metropolis in most is much better than on its periphery, but the possible cases of combination of various indicators up to the inversion where the centre of the agglomeration is inferior to his surroundings and rich in jobs and level of remuneration. Based on a combination of these indicators, 12 agglomerations groups are identified for which the need for a differentiated policy is justified, which is discussed in more detail on the example of 4 polar groups. In conclusion, the author substantiates the need to improve the legal framework for managing the development of the labor market in agglomerations, which does not meet the challenges and needs posed by the current situation.