Abstract
This article reviews the electrochemical immunosensors de-veloped by the successive modification of gold as well as glassy car-bon electrodes. Antibody or antigen fragments have been applied as the sensing elements. The complex between virions and specific anti-body adsorbing on a surface of an electrode forms an insulating layer. This phenomenon, which is a base of ion – channel mimetic type of immunosensors, can be monitored by Osteryoung square-wave vol-tammetry (OSWV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in the presence of [Fe(CN)6]3-/4- as a redox marker. Another type of immunosensors are based on redox active layers incorporated di-pyrromethene -Cu(II) or phenanthroline – Epoxy - Fe(III) complex-es. Changes of electrochemical parameters of redox centres upon tar-get analyte binding are the basis of analytical signal generation. Both type of immunosensors displayed better sensitivity in comparison to ELISA as well as being very selective. The matrix has no influence on the immunosensors performance. These devices could be recommend-ed for the direct electrochemical detection of viruses as well as anti-bodies in physiological samples.
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