Abstract
The Mission of Laishí was implemented in the Argentine Chaco in 1900, thanks to the authorization of the Ministry of the Interior and on the basis of the notes sent by the Prefect of Misiones Fray Pedro Iturralde to the Argentine national state and to the government of the National Territory of Formosa. Franciscan Missionaries of the Diocese of Santa Fe implemented the state project of “nationalizing” the natives who inhabited the space of Formosa. The aim of the monks was to ensure the survival of the Pilagá and Toba indigenous people. The missionary Fray Buenaventura Giuliani, who became the Prefect of Misiones, was responsible for the Mission of Laishí from 1908 to 1928. During World War I (1914-1919), he welcomed the engineer José Elías Niklison, member of the National Labour Department, whose task was to inspect the Chaco region and regulate the working conditions of indigenous people. This article analyzes the description of the Toba indigenous people and the Franciscan missionaries of the Mission of Laishí made by inspector Niklison, who demonstrated his intention to protect both the Guaycurú indigenous people and the Franciscan Order.Key words: mission among indigenous people, Laishí, Formosa, Argentina, Niklison, Fray Buenaventura Giuliani, Toba.
Highlights
Introducción se encargaron de los indígenas tobas y pilagás a quienes registraron como “paraguayos”
The Mission of Laishí was implemented in the Argentine Chaco in 1900, thanks to the authorization of the Ministry of the Interior and on the basis of the notes sent by the Prefect of Misiones Fray Pedro Iturralde to the Argentine national state and to the government of the National Territory of Formosa
Franciscan Missionaries of the Diocese of Santa Fe implemented the state project of “nationalizing” the natives who inhabited the space of Formosa
Summary
En 1916, Niklison publicó uno de sus primeros trabajos sobre los quebrachales chaqueños en el Boletín del Departamento Nacional del Trabajo, institución en la que se desempeñaba como inspector (Lagos, 2000, 2003; Bitlloch y Sormani, 1997).También editó semanalmente parte de su investigación sobre las misiones franciscanas de Nueva Pompeya, Laishí y Tacaaglé en el periódico La Nación de Buenos Aires, con el título Los Tobas. En este proceso de transformación económica de el momento, no se pusieran obstáculos á la fundación la “nación argentina”, sin embargo, la “nación indígena” de las misiones y que, una vez realizada la obra por demostraba la explotación indígena y, por ello, Niklison los misioneros, se buscarían los medios para sustraerla defendió a fray Giuliani como “activo y celoso director”. Tienen ya por suyas esas chacras y las labran amorosamente, procedentes de una primitiva sociedad comunista; con algunas dificultades se les ha inculcado el principio de la propiedad [...] con habilidad y perseverancia por los misioneros, los hace á los indios cada día más activos y laboriosos [...] Han construido en las chacras casitas de estantes con techos de teja de palma, paja ó cinc, y en ellos viven tranquilamente con sus familias He entrado en todas ellas, encontrándolas siempre aseadas y ordenadas (Niklison, 1917, BACSC, caja 1, mimeo).
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