L'agriculture albanaise : de la coopérative à l'exploitation de survie

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Albanian agriculture : from the co-operative to subsistence farming. After 45 years of increasingly constrictive agricultural collectivization, the fall of the communist régime in Albania has, since 1990, resulted in the almost total fragmentation of co-operatives and state farms into 379,000 family farms, with an average holding of 1.85 hectare - a phenomenon unique in Eastern Europe. But the disorganization of the market, and the irrigation systems, seems for the time being to be condemning the new owners to a subsistence economy, as witness the drop in production, and the preference given to small-scale animal husbandry. Far from providing a solution to the problem of over-population in rural Albania, the agricultural reform is being accompanied by a massive emigration to Greece and Italy, which in its turn is likely to bring about changes in the new agrarian structures and agricultural systems.