Kâzım Nami Duru’ya Göre Osmanlı’dan Cumhuriyet’e Okulöncesi ve İlk/Orta Öğretim

Abstract

With the Constitutional Monarchy that was re-declared in 1908, the Ottoman Empire underwent a great political, economic and social change. The Committee of Union and Progress, the revolutionary party that seized power, attached special importance to education. Kâzım Nami (1876-1967), who was a member of this committee and fought as an officer against the Abdulhamid II regime, moved to the field of education after leaving his job and became one of the radical educators of the Ottoman and Republican era. Kâzım Nami, who pioneered the beginning of pre-school education in the Ottoman Empire, opened the first kindergarten in the empire and tried to implement and promote the Froebel style education that he admired greatly. Kâzım Nami, who is the advocate of mixed and secular education based on national principles, has been influential in determining the education policies of the new Turkish Republic after 1923. In addition, he translated the books of educators such as Froebel, Jean Piaget, Angelo Patri and Jules Payot into Turkish and offered them to Turkish educators.