KUR’ÂN’DA BİLGİ İMKÂNLARI AÇISINDAN İNSANIN BİLİŞSEL DİNAMİZMİ

Abstract

Althoug knowledge-based main problems date back to the early stages of the history of thought, handling of these problems systematically was not done until the beginning of modern philosophy. The problem of knowledge has begun to studied methodically, especially in the New Age philosophy, and thus, a specific problem area of philosophy has been formed by the name of epistemology, which includes knowledge-based philosophical approaches (theory). At this point, the point we want to emphasize first is the fact that despite epistemology, which is one of the parties that we have determined as the context of our study, is an indisputable human activity, in a way that allows binary comparison, Quran on the other hand, introduces itself as a divine book by emphasising that it is not the human word. The second issue we need to explain is the content with which we use the concepts in our study. Possibility: As it means its existence is possible, it also means the content of power (might) and ability. The first means "may or may not be", the second means "ability and ability to work". Cognitive: We call the mental awareness, which was obtained by the knowing being about the known being, as "knowledge". The act of knowledge, the process that constitutes the act of knowing; We call the umbrella term "cognition" which indicates mental behaviours such as thinking, comprehension, reasoning. Therefore, the term "cognitive" is an adjective used for aspects of mental life relating to being informed. In short, cognition refers to the qualification used for the aspect of the human being that includes wisdom and intelligence. Dynamism: The part of mechanics, which studies physics and real motion with all its properties, especially the living force and the relationship of forces with objects in motion, is called "dynamics". Dynamism, on the other hand, is defined as a philosophical profession that does not consider the object (matter) as inactive, and claims that there are some forces or energies within objects. However, let's say this much: We do not see our work directly related to "dynamic" in the scientific sense, nor to "dynamism" as a system representing a philosophical view. However, we can talk about a conceptual connection as far as it associates "vitality" with "the opposite of static", "movement and activity (functionality)" with “change and transformation”. As a matter of fact, in some sources, "the state of being dynamic" can be also explained as "the active force of a living being," "the characteristic of a person whose behaviour is alive and full of energy". For this reason, we talk about the word dynamism as a phenomenon that represents activity (functionality) and the driving force behind it, in the world of being and in natural human and especially in his cognition. So, what we want to emphasize with "cognitive dynamism of man" is that people are "energetic and active" in their relations with knowledge. Here, besides handling human beings in the Quran in terms of knowledge possibilities, we aimed to investigate the relation of this state of human being with knowledge within the framework of the Quran. Of course, by taking advantage of the Quran and other related sources. Let us express this: We have tried to focus on our subject with a philosophical perspective that takes into account both epistemology and the Qur'an, as they are, in the context of the epistemology and the Qur'an, which is a religious text. We can express the conclusions reached in the study as follows: Since epistemology has a share of the quality of the philosophy of which it is a sub-branch, it contains parallel, close and opposite views, in short, different opinions and attitudes on the 'possibility', 'resources' and 'value' of knowledge. Similarly, parallels, similarities and contrasts can be observed in the comparison with the Quran. While epistemology is the subject of only human knowledge, the Quran does not limit "knowledge" to human; It has been observed that it also provides information opportunity for "extraterrestrial " beings. However, we only handled human as "the one who knows" and human knowledge as “knowledge”. In epistemology, there are views that allow and do not allow knowledge, rather, correct knowledge. Although the Qur'an includes the phenomenon of doubt as a human fact, it also provides accurate information.