Knowledge shortfalls and research priorities for Philippine mangroves in the fast-changing world

Abstract

The Philippines has rich mangrove biodiversity, yet synthesis of existing knowledge and conservation caveats relevant to developing critical priorities remains deficient. Here, we aimed to identify knowledge shortfalls and conservation challenges, and recommend future research priorities to advance mangrove conservation in this country. We examined research trends and priorities for the mangroves in the Philippines. We also analyzed the species and spatial trends of research from 2000 to 2023 using the Species Research Effort Allocation (SREA) index. Over two decades, four taxa (viz., Rhizophora apiculata, R. mucronata, Sonneratia alba, and Avicennia marina) have dominated mangrove-related research in the Philippines. In contrast, other species, such as Kandelia candel and R. × lamarckii received minimal attention. We found an increasing trend in mangrove research in the Philippines; however, crucial information on the biology of the mangroves remains unclear and requires careful consideration. Our spatial analysis revealed variations in mangrove species richness across the country and disproportional species research efforts between geographical areas within the country. The disparities in research efforts across species and areas, and the decline in mangrove populations emphasize the need for a comprehensive and prioritized approach. The knowledge gaps and conservation challenges for Philippine mangroves highlighted in our synthesis provide valuable insights into the importance of developing targeted solutions to address them. Our study stresses the need for innovative conservation strategies, appropriate species selection for rehabilitation, and enhanced collaboration and data sharing among research institutions to ensure sustainability and conservation of vital mangrove ecosystems in the Philippines.