Knowledge, attitude, practice and associated factors among patients with type 2 diabetes in Cotonou, Southern Benin

Halimatou Alaofè,Cecilia Rosales,Waliou Amoussa Hounkpatin,John Ehiri,Francois Djrolo

doi:10.1186/s12889-021-10289-8

Halimatou Alaofè, Cecilia Rosales + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-10289-8

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Abstract

BackgroundType 2 diabetes (T2D) is becoming an epidemic with significant disability and premature death in Sub-Saharan Africa, including Benin. However, little is known about the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) necessary for diabetic patients to enhance therapeutic outcomes and prevent diabetes complications. The study aimed to assess patients’ KAP levels and identify the factors associated in Cotonou, southern Benin.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted from July to August 2019 among 300 diabetic patients from four health centers. Data was collected using validated questionnaires. KAP levels were determined by calculating the scores, and multivariate logistic regression was used to explore factors influencing KAP scores.ResultsAbout 53, 52, and 47% of all patients had good knowledge, attitude, and practice towards diabetes. In logistic regression, factors such as being female, married, educated, government/non-government employee, and longer duration of diabetes were significantly associated with good knowledge. Being married, having a longer duration of diabetes, and good knowledge were significantly associated with a good attitude while being educated, having a longer duration of diabetes, and good knowledge with good practice.ConclusionsLack of knowledge, poor attitude, and inadequate practice were found in this surveyed community, suggesting a need for structured educational programs to assist diabetic patients. However, education should be considered a priority for male, newly diagnosed, and uneducated patients.

Highlights

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is becoming an epidemic with significant disability and premature death in Sub-Saharan Africa, including Benin
About 39% of adults (18–69 years) were reported overweight/obese, 93% consumed less than five servings of fruits and vegetables (F&V) per day, 83% were physically inactive, and 32% were diagnosed with hypertension
We found that marital status, duration of diabetes, and knowledge towards the disease were significantly associated with attitude, as observed in Ethiopia [15, 29] and South Africa [42]

Summary

Introduction

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is becoming an epidemic with significant disability and premature death in Sub-Saharan Africa, including Benin. Type 2 diabetes (T2D), as a significant fast-growing noncommunicable disease (NCD), is a threat to global public health [1]. Alaofè et al BMC Public Health (2021) 21:339 prevalence of diabetes-related complications. The overall diabetes prevalence in some cities of the country reaches 21.6%, with 15.1% in urban and 9.5% in rural areas [6]. Diabetes was in the top 10 health problems that cause the most disability, with a 55.8% increase between 2007 and 2017. Similar trends were observed for diabetes risk factors that drive the most death and disability combined: high blood pressure (37.7%), dietary risks (30.8%), and high body mass index (43.4%) [12]. Dietary risks include diets low in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts and seeds, fiber, milk, calcium, omega-3 oils, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and high sodium, red meat, and processed meat sweetened beverages, and trans fats [13]

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