Knowledge, attitude, and practice study on awareness of retinopathy of prematurity among pediatricians in Goa

Abstract

Context: The improvement in neonatal care has led to more number of premature infants surviving. This has led to more number of babies requiring screening for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Thus, there is a need to bridge the knowledge gap between pediatricians and ophthalmologists for ROP management. Limited studies done among pediatricians across India had shown that there is a need for greater awareness and timely screening of pre-terms for ROP. No such study was carried out in Goa and adjoining Western India. Hence, the present study was undertaken. Aims: The aim of the study is to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices about ROP among practicing pediatricians in Goa. Settings and Design: This is a cross-sectional study. Materials and Methods: A pretested pro forma was given to 58 pediatricians, which contained 19 questions related to their educational and practice profile, about the risk factors for ROP, screening protocol, referral criteria, facilities for referral, treatment options, and problems faced by them for referral of babies requiring treatment for sight-threatening ROP. Statistical Analysis Used: Percentages and proportions are used for analysis. Results: Among the 58 pediatricians, 75.86% were practicing in government hospitals including Goa Medical College and Hospital, whereas 14 (24.13%) were private practitioners. 50% had been practicing for 5–10 years. All participants had heard about ROP and were aware of the most common risk factors for ROP. 87.93% were aware of the timing of first screening of preterm infants for ROP; 84.48%were aware of referral to an ophthalmologist for screening and management of ROP. 77.58% had knowledge about the treatment modalities. 56.89% reported that they faced barriers to referral. Conclusions: There is a very high level of awareness among pediatricians in Goa about the risk factors and screening of ROP.