Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Cervical Cancer Screening among Women Infected with HIV in Kasenengwa District of Eastern Province, Zambia

Abstract

Women living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (WLHIV) have a higher risk of developing cervical cancer due to their immune-compromised state. Cervical cancer screening leads to early detection and treatment. The aim of the study was to determine the knowledge, attitude, and practices of cervical cancer screening among women infected with HIV in Kasenengwa District, Eastern Province, Zambia. A descriptive cross-sectional study design using a semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 266 WLHIV. Basic descriptive statistics were done using SPSS version 23.0. Almost two-thirds (62.7%) of the 266 WLHIV in the study had adequate knowledge about cervical cancer screening. Almost three-fifths of the respondents (57.1%) had a negative attitude toward cervical cancer screening. The majority (78.2%) had been counselled by healthcare workers on cervical cancer screening with good emotional support from family members (72.9%). About two-thirds (68.4%) of the respondents had been screened for cervical cancer. Most women indicated that they didn’t have access to cervical cancer screening services because they did not know where to go (61.5%) and distant screening sites (56.3%) WLHIV in the study had adequate knowledge, but unfavorable attitude towards cervical cancer screening, while two-thirds had been screened for cervical cancer. Accessibility to screening sites was poor. More education and sensitization are needed in the district to eliminate misconceptions about cervical cancer screening, which may influence uptake. Keywords: Cervical Cancer; Screening; Knowledge; Practice.