Abstract
The main ingredient of gunpowder is nitrocellulose. For slowing down the catalytical decomposition process, predominated stabilizer diphenylamine is in use for single-base gunpowder, as well as for propellants. On the other hand, the stabilizer wears out over time, which causes changes in chemical stability of energetic materials. One of the classical methods for determination the chemical stability is the Bergman-Jung method, which has two subgroups. This paper presents comparative analyses for twelve NC and five NCD gunpowder. Namely, both subgroups are based on the calculation of the volume of nitric oxide gases, but the difference between them depend on the method of collecting and determining released gases.
Highlights
DURING the first half of the nineteenth century, an enormous growth in equipping colonial armies brought to the development of a procedure for obtaining the nitric esters of cellulose
The reason lies in nitrocellulose instability that leads to catalytic decomposition caused by its own decomposition products
Many disastrous explosions happened during the period from 1893 to 1911, which were caused by unstable nitrocellulose, at the elevated temperature
Summary
DURING the first half of the nineteenth century, an enormous growth in equipping colonial armies brought to the development of a procedure for obtaining the nitric esters of cellulose. Nitrocellulose, called cellulose nitrate or a mixture of nitric esters of cellulose, was discovered by the Christian Friedrich Schönbein [1], a German-Swiss chemist. He was able to increase the degree of nitration by dipping cotton in a mixture of nitric and sulfuric acids. Many disastrous explosions happened during the period from 1893 to 1911, which were caused by unstable nitrocellulose, at the elevated temperature. These accidents have led to the development of a suitable stabilizer
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