Abstract
Nowadays, it is known that endodontic infections are polymicrobial and there are 3-12 kinds of bacteria in an infected root canal. Flare-ups, periapical destructions and persistent endodontic infections related bacteria and the identification of these bacteria are highly important and topical issues in endodontics. Microscopy, culture and antibiotic susceptibility testing, immunological and molecular biological methods have been used to detect pathogens in root canal. Today, in vitro DNA replication is provided by moleculer methods in three stages named denaturation, primer binding and extension of primers, thus millions of copies of a gene can be achieved by PCR. The aim of this review is to provide information about the methods used to determine the root canal pathogens and to introduce the molecular genetic methods. Especially, it is aimed to discuss the gene targets for microbial identification, PCR and its derivates for specific use, the advantages and disadvantages of PCR for microbial identification
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