KISS1, P53, and PTEN immunoexpressions and prediction of malignancy in endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia lesion within endometrial polyp

Abstract

Objective: Aim of this study to evaluate the usefulness of phosphase and tensin homologous deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN), p53, and kisspeptin (KISS1) immunoexpressions in predicting malignancy in endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia within the endometrial polyps.
 Material and method: This cross-sectional study was based on chart data from a convenience sample of patients who underwent probe curetage at the Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic of Başkent University Ankara and Konya Practice and Research Hospitals, Turkey. A total of 169 patients were allocated into 5 groups, comprising the EIN-p group: 62 patients with an endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia lesion within an endometrial polyp, EC group: 17 patients with an endometrial carcinoma, EP-h group: 30 patients with hyperplasia on the background of the polyp but no atypia, EP group: 30 patients with endometrial polyps, and NE group: 30 patients with a normal (proliferative) endometrium. P53, PTEN, and KISS1 expressions between the groups were evaluated.
 Results: In the EIN-p and EC groups, P53 and KISS1 expressions were moderate or strong. In the NE, EP and EP-h groups, KISS1 was weakly stained and P53 expression was negative. The number of patients with strong p53 and KISS1 expressions in the EC group was higher and this difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001). With PTEN immunostaining, the EC and EIN-P groups were weakly stained, whereas the NE, EP, and EP-h groups had moderate or strong staining. Strong staining rates were higher in patients in the NE and EP groups than in the EP-h group (P < 0.001).
 Conclusion: In addition to the literature about P53 and PTEN, according to the data obtained herein, it was speculated that KISS1 may play an important role in the malignant transformation of endometrial polyps and it might be used as a predicting marker in this patient group.