Abstract
We review the mechanisms underlying material ejection in pulsed laser ablation of biological tissues, with special emphasis on the thermodynamics and kinetics of phase transitions and their modifications arising from the presence of a tissue matrix.
Highlights
It is known that efficient laser ablation of biological tissues using pulsed IR laser irradiation is always associated with material ejection
Special emphasis is laid on the thermodynamics and kinetics of phase transitions and their modifications arising from the presence of a tissue matrix
The results presented here will be used in two other articles of this proceedings volume to analyze the dynamics of free-running and Q-switched Er:YAG laser ablation, In our analysis of phase transitions, tissue is viewed as material consisting of cells that reside in and attach to an extracellular matrix (ECM)
Summary
It is known that efficient laser ablation of biological tissues using pulsed IR laser irradiation is always associated with material ejection. The results presented here will be used in two other articles of this proceedings volume to analyze the dynamics of free-running and Q-switched Er:YAG laser ablation, In our analysis of phase transitions, tissue is viewed as material consisting of cells that reside in and attach to an extracellular matrix (ECM). In matrix-continuous tissues, the ECM consists largely of collagen, with the collagen content being as high as 35% Both cells and ECM contain large amounts of water that is the main chromophore for IR laser irradiation. Phase transitions of the tissue water are, in most cases, the driving force for JR laser ablation. These phase transitions are strongly modified by the ECM, depending on the mechanical strength of this matrix.
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