Abstract
Kinetic, Equilibrium and Thermodynamic studies on the removal of Cr(VI) by activated carbon prepared from Cajanus Cajan(L) Milsp seed shell This paper presents the feasibility of the removal of hexavalent chromium ions from aqueous solutions by using activated carbon prepared from Cajanus Cajan(L) Milsp. It was carbonized and activated by treating it with concentrated sulfuric acid followed by heating for 5 h at 500°C. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out as a function of pH, contact time, initial concentration of the adsorbate, adsorbent dosage and temperature. The experimental data fitted well to the Freundlich isotherm. The thermodynamic parameters such as ΔH°, ΔS°, and ΔG° were calculated, which indicated that the adsorption was spontaneous and endothermic in nature. The adsorbent used in this study was characterized by FT-IR and SEM before and after the adsorption of metal ions. The results indicate that Cajanus Cajan(L) Milsp can be employed as a low cost alternative and commercial adsorbents in the removal of chromium (VI) from water and waste water.
Highlights
Rapid increase in population and industrial growth are responsible for the inclusion of heavy metals in the environment
The pollution due to heavy metals has received wide spread attention in recent years[1], due to the toxicological problems in the ecosystem, agriculture and human health, which has led to the development of alternative technologies for the effective removal of these pollutants from aquatic ecosystems
Low cost and waste biomaterials used as adsorbents of dissolved metal ions have been shown to provide cost effective solutions to this global problem[2]
Summary
Rapid increase in population and industrial growth are responsible for the inclusion of heavy metals in the environment. Some of the conventional methods that are used to remove the dissolved heavy metal ions are: chemical precipitation, chemical oxidation and reduction, ion exchange, filtration, electrochemical treatment and evaporative recovery These highly technological processes have significant disadvantages, including incomplete metal removal, requirements for expensive equipments and monitoring systems, high reagent or energy requirements or generation of toxic sludge and or other waste products that require addressing of disposal problems[5]. Large quantities of natural materials are available and certain waste products from industrial or agricultural operations may have the potential to be used as inexpensive sorbents Due to their low cost, after these materials have been expended, they can be disposed of without expensive regeneration. Cajanus Cajan(L) Milsp seed shell activated carbons can be used as a low-cost material adsorbent for the removal of Cr(VI) in wastewater. The Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms, adsorption Kinetics, FT-IR spectroscopy and SEM were studied
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