Abstract
Nowadays, a concept of tilting three-wheel vehicle is introduced, one of which is the electric tilting tricycle to provide an alternative mode of transportation. Some of the tilting tricycle design usinga tadpole trike configuration and it needs an adequate steering system that can be synergized with tilting mechanism. The steering mechanism follows the Ackermann steering geometry. Usage of Ackermann geometry means applying a mechanism of trapezoidal four-bar linkage to the tricycle. To create and maintain the simple trapezoid shape, Triple Ball Tie-rod model, a single rod which supports three ball joints, is proposed. Since the capabilities of the model are yet to be proven, this research evaluates the usageof a tie-rod model to find out its capabilities to support the works of the steering mechanism of the tricycle. The measurements are conducted after the simulation of the 3D model to extract some data such as maximum lean angle and inner and outer steering angles. Another simulation using regular tie-rod model also conducted with the same method for comparison purposes. The results of the study are maximum allowed tilting angle and generated Ackermann steering angles. Each designed models have their respectiveadvantages.
Highlights
IntroductionExcessive traffic volume is causing a traffic congestion. It is worsened by road widening, which aims to accommodate the bigger volume of traffic causing the shortage of other public places
In modern cities, excessive traffic volume is causing a traffic congestion
Narrow vehicles have studied in the last decade [1]
Summary
Excessive traffic volume is causing a traffic congestion. It is worsened by road widening, which aims to accommodate the bigger volume of traffic causing the shortage of other public places. In the tadpole tricycle application, the steering system linkage is formed by front axle, knuckles, and tie-rod. As the most of tadpole tricycle design used two regular tie-rods, there are no longer basic four-bar linkage in their steering system because one of the trapezoid sides is formed by two bars. Tilting motion is simulated to make sure that TBT's ball joints are capable to allow the whole tricycle structure to lean. The maximum leaning angle of the tricycle structure can be determined when one of the ball joints is about to collide Afterward, another simulation is conducted to measure inner and outer steering angles while the angle of steering arm turns regarded as the steering input.
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