İkinci Meşrutiyet döneminde İslamcılığın Türkçülük eleştirisi

Abstract

This study focuses on the relationship between Islamism and Turkism which are two important movements of the Second Constitutional Period, in the context of nation and nationalism concepts. Islamists and Turkists, who gathered around Sırat-ı Müstakim-Sebilürreşad which is the foremost Islamist journal of the period, dissented because of different nationalism mentalities after 1912. The Islamist movement pursues the idea of society in which the Islamic identity is at the forefront for the salvation of the Ottoman Empire. On the other hand Turkisim defends idea of salvation in which Muslim identity is a part of Turkishness, but Turkish identity is dominant. Therefore the main reason of the divergency between two movements is the dissociated nation understandings. The focus of this study will be to discuss the Islamist side of the aforementioned divergency. In order to do this, articles in the Sırat-ı Müstakim-Sebilürreşad journal regarding the issue of nation and nationalism were examined within the scope of Turkism criticism. Although the ideology of Islamism, built on the principle of reviving and strengthening Islam, criticizes ethnic nationalisms in particular, in the final analysis, it adopts a nationalist attitude by nationalizing the pre-modern idea of ummah.