Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to examine the life and activities of Kim Hyong Jik—father of Kim Il Sung—and the guiding principle of“Jiwon”created by him to help lead the anti-Japanese liberation movement. Jiwon’ of Kim Hyong Jik who waged undaunted struggle for national liberation in spite of the hideous repression under the occupation of Japanese imperialists. Even today in the 21st century I put emphasis on Kim Hyong Jik’s“Jiwon”because this idea enables us to recover the identity of the Korean History.“Jiwon”helps us recover the identity of the Korean nation because at its core lies love for the country, nation and people, which has been the traditional spirit inherent to the Korean nation. Today the North and the South of Korea maintain different stands for their respective political systems and ideals. Nevertheless,Koreahas one and the same identity. That is the nationalist spirit inherent to the Korean nation. I hold we should keep in mind that“Jiwon”reflected this anti-Japanese nationalist spirit which identifies the Korean history. I deem it essential to recover this nationalist spirit in the history of division, in which the North and South have remained divided with different systems and ideals.Through the activities of the Korean National Association, Kim Hyong Jik’s“Jiwon”was not simply a theory for its own sake, but a practical crystallization in history. In view of his anti-Japanese revolutionary movement and his activities as a patriotic educationist, I deem it necessary to evaluate Kim Hyong Jik as a historical figure who put forward a historical idea and put it into reality.
Highlights
Kim Hyong Jik’s idea of “Jiwon” has barely been studied in depth both at home and abroad
One of the objective primary materials on the Korean National Association is the Japanese document “Case of an underground organization (Kukminhoe-National Association): findings and settlement”: Case of an underground organization: findings and settlement We have discovered this Association, an underground organization which was formed in collaboration with the overseas Korean dissidents to restore the national sovereignty
Jang met Paek Se Bin from Dandong and conveyed Pak Yong Man’s intention to him that same year. They had a consultation on the formation of the Korean National Association and discussed the plan to counterfeit Chinese currency in Shenyang, with which they would buy the land in the bordering area and move their comrades there to make it the centre of their future activities
Summary
Kim Hyong Jik’s idea of “Jiwon” has barely been studied in depth both at home and abroad. Ponghwa So merrily meandering is River Yolpha Our Myongsin School stands solid Let us bring lasting reputation to our school So popular statesmen come out of here So unrivalled talents come out of here Along with Ponghwa and Yolpha here Let us bring lasting prosperity to Myongsin School So beautiful is our land of golden tapestry So resourceful and brave are our students By enriching knowledge with high aim Let us bring lasting brilliance to dawning new Korea In order to achieve the far-reaching aim of “Jiwon”, Kim Hyong Jik, while teaching at Myongsin School, visited many other schools in different parts of the country, energetically guiding the education of the younger generation and other people and rallying them into one Under his influence the students of Kwangson School in Unryul armed themselves with antiJapanese patriotism and the spirit of national independence. Being a revolutionary and a patriotic educator, Kim Hyong Jik devoted his whole life to the revolutionary activities for the restoration of the country, as well as to the education of younger generation His strong will for anti-Japanese national liberation movement is reflected in “Jiwon”. Unlike the preceding anti-Japanese independence fighters, Kim Hyong Jik strongly aspired to build a new society, free from exploitation and oppression while protecting the rights and interests of the people, in reflection of the desire of the workers, peasants and other working people
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