Key to the conservation of calligraphy and painting relics in collection: proposing a lighting damage evaluation method

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As an important supporting material for calligraphy and painting relics in collections, the silk substrate is generally in acidification. And owing to an extremely high light response, it is very prone to different forms of lighting damage, including color and mechanical aspects. Considering that the Light Emitting Diode (LED) with flexible spectral compositions is widely used in the lighting environment of collections, the spectral responsivity of acidified silk substrates is the core issue concerning the long-term conservation of calligraphy and painting relics. In this study, based on the accelerated aging experiment of nine narrowband LEDs with different wavelengths (λ) in the visible range on silk samples with different acidification degrees (pH values), the infrared spectrum was measured non periodically. Processed with the Principal Component Analysis (PCA), the obtained ΔPC1 was used to evaluate the lighting damage of silk samples. Based on the damage change curve, its spectral responsivity function, that is, the mathematical relationship between lighting damage and λ and pH values, was further fitted. Combined with the previous research on the spectral responsivity of colorants, an evaluation method for lighting damage was proposed, which is the key to the conservation of calligraphy and painting relics.