Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that light quality critically affects plant development and growth; however, the response depends upon the plant species. This research aims to examine the effects of different light wavelengths on sunflower (Helianthus annuus) sprouts that were stimulated during the night. Natural light and narrow-band light-emitting diodes (LEDs) were used for an analysis of sunflower sprouts grown under full light and specific light wavelengths. Sunflower seeds were germinated under different light spectra including red, blue, white, and natural light. Luminosity, temperature, and humidity sensors were installed in the plant nursery and remotely monitored and recorded by an Internet of Things (IoT) device. The experiment examined seed germination for seven days. The results showed that the red light had the most influence on sunflower seed germination, while the natural light had the most influence on the increase in the root and hypocotyl lengths.
Highlights
Light is an important factor that affects photosynthesis in plants, because it is the main source of energy that will continue physiological processes and has a great influence on plant development in which particular responses of plants could be affected by specific wavelengths [1]
Sunflower seed germination was significantly affected by the light spectrum (χ 2 = 7.94, p = 0.0472)
Sunflower seed germinaFigure 6 represents sunflower seedlings treated under four different light sources, tion was significantly affected the light
Summary
Light is an important factor that affects photosynthesis in plants, because it is the main source of energy that will continue physiological processes and has a great influence on plant development in which particular responses of plants could be affected by specific wavelengths [1]. Far-red light (i.e., wavelengths of 700–800 nm) promotes growth of different parts of plants such as the size of leaves, stem length, and the height of plants [2]. The number of studies on the benefits of LED lighting on plant growth and development have increased over the years because of the fact that LEDs have many advantages over other conventional artificial light sources such as smaller size, cheaper price, longer lifetime, and durability [14,16]. LEDs can be controlled for specific wavelength and narrow bandwidth This allows the wavelength to be matched to plant photoreceptors. LED devices have become an important component of smart precision lighting for urban and landscape closed-controlled horticultural environments [18], and it is a currently growing business that is spreading around the world [19]
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