Key genes with prognostic values in suppression of osteosarcoma metastasis using comprehensive analysis

Mi Li,Sisi Deng,Hao Li,Xin Jin,Caihong Yang,Gang Wu,Shanshan Wang

doi:10.1186/s12885-020-6542-z

Abstract

BackgroundOsteosarcoma is a primary malignant tumor originating from mesenchymal tissue, with a poor distant metastasis prognosis. The molecular mechanisms of osteosarcoma metastasis are extremely complicated.MethodsA public data series (GSE21257) was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in osteosarcoma patients that did, or did not, develop metastases. Functional enrichment analysis, a protein-protein interaction network, and survival analysis of DEGs were performed. DEGs with a prognostic value were considered as candidate genes and their functional predictions, different expression in normal and malignant tissues, and immune infiltration were analyzed.ResultsThe DEGs were mainly enriched in the immune response. Three candidate genes (ALOX5AP, CD74, and FCGR2A) were found, all of which were expressed at higher levels in lungs and lymph nodes than in matched cancer tissues and were probably expressed in the microenvironment.ConclusionsCandidate genes can help us understand the molecular mechanisms underlying osteosarcoma metastasis and provide targets for future research.

Highlights

Osteosarcoma is a primary malignant tumor originating from mesenchymal tissue, with a poor distant metastasis prognosis
Identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction Only 24 downregulated DEGs were recognized in the osteosarcoma patients that developed metastases, and no upregulated genes were found in the profiles (Fig. 1a), meaning that the DEGs protect patients from metastases
Gene Ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment The results of the biological classification of the DEGs, and functional and pathway enrichment analyses are shown in Fig. 2

Summary

Introduction

Osteosarcoma is a primary malignant tumor originating from mesenchymal tissue, with a poor distant metastasis prognosis. Methods: A public data series (GSE21257) was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in osteosarcoma patients that did, or did not, develop metastases. DEGs with a prognostic value were considered as candidate genes and their functional predictions, different expression in normal and malignant tissues, and immune infiltration were analyzed. Conclusions: Candidate genes can help us understand the molecular mechanisms underlying osteosarcoma metastasis and provide targets for future research. Osteosarcoma is a primary malignant tumor originating from mesenchymal tissue. The overall incidence of osteosarcoma is not high, it is the most common type of bone and soft tissue tumors, accounting for 40.51% of primary malignant bone tumors.

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion