Key Elements of Risk Management in Islamic Quality Management System: An Analysis on MS 1900:2014 Standard

Abstract

MS 1900:2014 Sharīʿah-based Quality Management Systems-Requirements with Guidance (First Revision) or MS 1900:2014 is the Islamic version of the ISO 9001. Compared to ISO 9001:2015-Quality Management Systems (ISO 9001:2015), which is characterised by “risk-based thinking,” the aspect of risk management is not given due focus in MS 1900:2014. Instead, the focus is more on efforts to improve governance and organisational efficiency as outlined by Islamic principles. However, since MS 1900:2014 makes Sharīʿah as the main basis of its certification requirements, the element of risk management is definitely implicit in the standard. This is because in an effort to ensure its objective, i.e., realisation of benefits (taḥqīq al-maṣlaḥah) is achieved, the Sharīʿah uses the approach of promoting what is good and beneficial (jalb al-maṣlaḥah) and preventing what is evil and harmful (dafʿ al-mafsadah). Therefore, although it does not clearly state the concept of risk management in the standard, any organisation that uses MS 1900:2014 may also achieve the advantages of risk management if they adopt the standard. Thus, by using content analysis method, this article seeks to analyse and describe the requirements implicitly related to the aspect of risk management contained in the MS 1900:2014 standard. Based on the analysis of the certification requirements, it was found that MS 1900:2014 indeed has riskbased characteristics even though this is not clearly stated in the standard document. Therefore, if the MS 1900 is implemented correctly by any company, it will not only achieve efficiency and effectiveness in organisation management but also can further improve its risk management capabilities.