Key aspects of biosafety in modern animal husbandry

Abstract

The relevance of this research is driven by the need to enhance biosecurity in animal husbandry to improve the health and productivity of livestock, as well as to safeguard human health. Biosecurity is a critical component that prevents the spread of infectious diseases, mitigates the risks of epidemics, reduces treatment costs, and increases productivity and economic efficiency within agricultural enterprises. In this regard, this study aimed to reveal the role of biosafety in preventive veterinary medicine. The leading approach to investigating this issue involved analysing existing practices and methods, which allows for a comprehensive examination of various aspects of biosecurity. The conducted analysis substantiated that preventive veterinary medicine is founded on the principle of disease prevention through risk reduction and the implementation of healthy practices. It has been established that this approach encompasses not only the treatment of sick animals but also the provision of advice to farmers on enhancing the health and productivity of their livestock. It has been established that biosecurity also helps prevent the emergence and spread of infectious diseases, reducing the need for antimicrobial drugs and lowering the risk of antimicrobial resistance. The research highlighted that in today’s rapidly changing world, biosecurity is becoming even more important due to population growth, urbanisation, climate change, and human health threats such as antimicrobial resistance. The concept of “One Health” is encompassed, emphasising the close connection and interdependence among the health of humans, domestic and wild animals, plants, and the environment. The core principles of biosecurity included segregation, cleaning and disinfection, and considering the behaviour and attitudes of people working with animals. The material presented in this article is of practical value to veterinarians, farmers, and livestock farms, assisting them in developing and implementing effective biosecurity plans adapted to changing conditions, thereby contributing to reducing the risks of infectious diseases and improving livestock productivity