Abstract
Heightened levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases (GHGs) have prompted research into techniques for their capture and separation, including membrane separation, chemical looping, and cryogenic distillation. Ionic liquids, due to their negligible vapour pressure, thermal stability, and broad electrochemical stability have expanded their application in gas separations. This work provides an overview of the recent developments and applications of ionic liquid membranes (ILMs) for gas separation by focusing on the separation of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrogen (N2), hydrogen (H2), or mixtures of these gases from various gas streams. The three general types of ILMs, such as supported ionic liquid membranes (SILMs), ionic liquid polymeric membranes (ILPMs), and ionic liquid mixed-matrix membranes (ILMMMs) for the separation of various mixed gas systems, are discussed in detail. Furthermore, issues, challenges, computational studies and future perspectives for ILMs are also considered. The results of the analysis show that SILMs, ILPMs, and the ILMMs are very promising membranes that have great potential in gas separation processes. They offer a wide range of permeabilities and selectivities for CO2, CH4, N2, H2 or mixtures of these gases. In addition, a comparison was made based on the selectivity and permeability of SILMs, ILPMs, and ILMMMs for CO2/CH4 separation based on a Robeson’s upper bound curves.
Highlights
Flue gas emissions from the chemical industries have severe impacts on the whole environment and the atmosphere and are considered one of the primary causes of global warming phenomena [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8].the separation and the capture of these unwanted gases has become necessary.The unwanted gaseous emissions that result from burning fuel and chemicals in chemical engineering power plants include carbon dioxide (CO2 ), methane (CH4 ), nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulphur oxides (SOx), and hydrogen sulphide (H2 S)
The applications of the supported ionic liquid membranes (SILMs), ionic liquid polymeric membranes (ILPMs), and the ionic liquid mixed-matrix membranes (ILMMMs) in the gas separation process of CO2, CH4, N2, H2, or a mixture of these gases from various gas streams were analyzed in details through this paper
The results of the analysis show that SILMs, ILPMs, and the ILMMs are very promising membranes that have great potential in the gas separation processes
Summary
Flue gas emissions from the chemical industries have severe impacts on the whole environment and the atmosphere and are considered one of the primary causes of global warming phenomena [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]. The gas separation process plays a crucial and a fundamental role in the chemical engineering industry as a result of its broad range of applications, ranging from carbon dioxide gas separation from natural gas [9,10,11], recovery of hydrogen from waste gas streams [12], production of nitrogen and oxygen-enriched gases. The gas separation process using membrane technology depends on the sorption-diffusion mechanism or sieving [22]. Each type of ILM has different applications in gas separation processes. The applications of the SILMs, ILPMs, and ionic liquid mixed-matrix membranes (ILMMMs) in the gas separation processes of CO2 , CH4 , N2 , H2 from various gas streams are discussed thoroughly through this paper. 1-Methyl-3-(3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-nonafluorohexyl) imidazolium bis(trifluoromethyl - sulfonyl)imide [MtdFHim][NTf2 ]
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