Keragaman Genetik Isolat Cendawan Pyricularia oryzae Menggunakan Primer Pot-2 (Rep-PCR)

Abstract

<p>Rice blast (Pyricularia<br />oryzae) is one of the most important diseases of rice. It can<br />be very destructive in the field, when the environmental<br />conditions are favourable. Information on genetic diversity of<br />this pathogen could assist plant breeders in determining<br />strategy for a successful control of the disease. This study<br />was conducted to analyze genetic diversity in P. oryzae<br />isolates by a pair of Pot-2 primers using the rep-PCR<br />technique. These primers were designed from a transposon<br />element of the entire blast fungus genomic DNA. DNA<br />samples were extracted from 212 isolates of P. oryzae<br />collected from two endemic areas of the disease in<br />Indonesia, i.e., Tamanbogo, Lampung, and Sukabumi, West<br />Java, as well as from some non-endemic areas in North<br />Sumatra and West Sumatra). Results of the study indicated<br />that the 212 isolates could clustered into 21 haplotypes. The<br />most dominant haplotypes as indicated by their highest<br />frequency of haplotypes were haplotype Pot 2-019 (54.46%)<br />followed by haplotype Pot 2-021 (14.73%) and haplotipe Pot<br />2-016 (6.25%). Regardless of origins of the P. oryzae isolates,<br />we found 6 haplotypes from Tamanbogo (out of 117<br />samples), 13 haplotypes from Sukabumi (out of 77 samples),<br />and 11 haplotypes from North Sumatra and West Sumatra<br />(out of 18 isolates). It seems that genetic diversity of the P.<br />oryzae isolates was not affected by the total number of<br />samples/isolates, but rather by place of the origin and rice<br />genotypes from which the isolates were collected.</p>