Abstract
Comparative karyomorphological analyses of six out of the eight white-flowered species of Eranthissect.Shibateranthis have been carried out. All studied specimens of E.byunsanensis, E.lobulata, E.pinnatifida, and E.stellata had a somatic chromosome number 2n = 16 with basic chromosome number x = 8. On the contrary, E.tanhoensis and E.sibirica had a basic chromosome number x = 7. The specimens of E.tanhoensis were diploid with 2n = 14, while the specimens of E.sibirica were polyploid with 2n = 42. Monoploid chromosome sets of the investigated diploid species had 4–5 metacentric chromosomes and 2–4 submetacentric/subtelocentric/acrocentric chromosomes. The highest level of interchromosomal asymmetry, estimated via CVCL, was found in E.byunsanensis and E.pinnatifida. The highest levels of intrachromosomal asymmetry (MCA) and heterogeneity in centromere position (CVCI) were found in E.lobulata and E.byunsanensis, while E.sibirica had the most symmetric karyotype. A multivariate PCoA analysis of basic karyotype parameters (2n, x, THL, CVCL, MCA, and CVCI) highlighted no overlap among species accessions, which was also confirmed by LDA. The average absolute monoploid DNA content (1Cx) of the 23 investigated samples of six Eranthis species varied from 9.26 ± 0.25 pg in E.sibirica to 15.93 ± 0.32 pg in E.stellata. Overall karyological affinity was highlighted between E.lobulata and E.stellata, on one side, and between E.byunsanensis and E.pinnatifida, on the other side. Interestingly, there was no significant correlation between total haploid (monoploid) chromosome length (THL) and 1Cx values in these species.
Highlights
Chromosomal analysis is widely used in systematic and evolutionary studies of plants (Yuan and Yang 2006; Guerra 2012; Ilnicki 2014; Baltisberger and Hörandl 2016; Peruzzi et al 2017)
Eranthis includes five species distributed in Southern Europe (Eranthis bulgarica (Stef.) Stef., E. hyemalis (L.) Salisb.), Western Asia (E. cilicica Scott & Kotschy, E. iranica Rukšāns & Zetterl) and Central Asia (E. longistipitata Regel)
Two species occur in Siberia (E. sibirica DC. and E. tanhoensis Erst), two in Tibet (E. albiflora Franch. and E. lobulata W.T.Wang), two in Korea (E. byunsanensis B.Y.Sun and E. pungdoensis B.U.Oh), one in Japan (E. pinnatifida Maxim.), and one is widespread and grows in China, Korea and the Far East of Russia (E. stellata Maxim.) (Oh and Oh 2019; Park et al 2019; Erst et al 2020b)
Summary
Chromosomal analysis is widely used in systematic and evolutionary studies of plants (Yuan and Yang 2006; Guerra 2012; Ilnicki 2014; Baltisberger and Hörandl 2016; Peruzzi et al 2017). & A.Grey (Wang et al 2009) This genus consists of ten to thirteen early flowering herbaceous perennial species distributed across Southern Europe, Western, Central and temperate Asia (Stefanoff 1963; Rukšāns and Zetterlund 2018; Park et al 2019; Erst et al 2020b). This genus generally exhibits a high level of endemism and it is distributed in both mainland and islands. Two species occur in Siberia (E. sibirica DC. and E. tanhoensis Erst), two in Tibet (E. albiflora Franch. and E. lobulata W.T.Wang), two in Korea (E. byunsanensis B.Y.Sun and E. pungdoensis B.U.Oh), one in Japan (E. pinnatifida Maxim.), and one is widespread and grows in China, Korea and the Far East of Russia (E. stellata Maxim.) (Oh and Oh 2019; Park et al 2019; Erst et al 2020b)
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