Abstract
Langsat root is a part of Lansium domesticum which is still rarely explored for its secondary metabolites. Triterpenoids are dominantly isolated from langsat plants. This research was conducted to isolate and characterize a triterpenoid structure by doing maceration and partition, phytochemical test, chromatography, and analysis of 1H-NMR spectrum. GKGT2 isolate is a white powder with a mass of 4 mg. 1H-NMR spectrum data (CD3OD, 500 MHz) shows an oxiran proton signal at H 4.13. The hydroxyl proton at C-1 with a chemical shift of 7.83 (1H, s) is a sharp singlet because a hydrogen bond strongly with the carbonyl at C-16. The presence of a singlet proton at H 5.85 (1H) and signals below 2 ppm are typical for terpenoid compounds. On the basis of a phytochemical test and chemical shift data in 1H-NMR spectrum, it can be concluded that a structure of GKGT2 isolate showed many similarities to Dukunolida C.
Highlights
Langsat root is a part of Lansium domesticum which is still rarely explored for its secondary metabolites
Triterpenoids are dominantly isolated from langsat plants
GKGT2 isolate is a white powder with a mass of 4 mg. 1H-NMR spectrum data (CD3OD, 500 MHz) shows an oxiran proton signal at H 4.13
Summary
Langsat (Lansium domesticum) merupakan salah satu tanaman buah-buahan di Indonesia dengan jumlah produksinya mencapai 138.405 ton pada tahun 2017[1]. Bagian tumbuhan langsat seperti biji, kulit buah, dan daun telah ditemukan metabolit sekunder khusus triterpernoid[3]. Triterpenoid tipe onokeranoid yang diisolasi menunjukkan efek antimutagenik dalam uji Ames[5]. Tetranortriterpenoid yang diisolasi dari biji Lansium domesticum Corr bersama dengan senyawa triterpenoid, dengan analisis data spektroskopi menunjukkan aktivitas antimalaria terhadap Plasmodium falciparum[6]. Berdasarkan penelitian sebelumnya, belum ada laporan penelitian yang membahas tentang metabolit sekunder dari akar langsat. Berdasarkan hasil uji fitokimia yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa pada akar langsat terkandung senyawa fenolik, triterpenoid, dan flavonoid. 40-50, 2021 karena itu perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut tentang struktur senyawa triterpenoid dari akar langsat. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi tentang karakteristik struktur kimia senyawa triterpenoid dari akar langsat (Lansium domesticum). Setelah itu akar langsat dipisahkan dari kulit akarnya dan dibersihkan hingga tidak ada kotoran yang menempel. Sampel akar kayu selanjutnya dihaluskan sampai menjadi serbuk menggunakan mesin penggilingan kayu
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