Abstract
Bioink based 3D bioprinting is a promising new technology that enables fabrication of complex tissue structures with living cells. The printability of the bioink depends on the physical properties such as viscosity. However, the high viscosity bioink puts shear stress on the cells and low viscosity bioink cannot maintain complex tissue structure firmly after the printing. In this work, we applied dual crosslinkable bioink using Kappa-carrageenan (κ-CA) to overcome existing shortcomings. κ-CA has properties such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, shear-thinning and ionic gelation but the difficulty of controlling gelation properties makes it unsuitable for application in 3D bioprinting. This problem was solved by synthesizing methacrylated Kappa-carrageenan (MA-κ-CA), which can be dual crosslinked through ionic and UV (Ultraviolet) crosslinking to form hydrogel using NIH-3T3 cells. Through MA substitutions, the rheological properties of the gel could be controlled to reduce the shear stress. Moreover, bioprinting using the cell-laden MA-κ-CA showed cell compatibility with enhanced shape retention capability. The potential to control the physical properties through dual crosslinking of MA-κ-CA hydrogel is expected to be widely applied in 3D bioprinting applications.
Highlights
The 3D Bioprinting enables fabrication of complex cell laden structures accurately and efficiently through facilitating specific design modifications based on the needs of researchers [1,2]
Number of biocompatible materials have been studied as a bioink candidate, few biomaterials (e.g., Alginate and gelatin) have been successfully optimized for 3D bioprinting applications [3,4,5]
The shear-thinning and ionic crosslinking property of κ-CA is suitable as a bioink for extrusionThe shear-thinning ionic the crosslinking property of solely κ-CA by is ionic suitable as amay bioink for based bioprinting systems.and
Summary
The 3D Bioprinting enables fabrication of complex cell laden structures accurately and efficiently through facilitating specific design modifications based on the needs of researchers [1,2] For this reason, bioprinting has been attracting attention as a promising technology that can contribute to the development in the field of tissue engineering. Number of biocompatible materials have been studied as a bioink candidate, few biomaterials (e.g., Alginate and gelatin) have been successfully optimized for 3D bioprinting applications [3,4,5] For this reason, it is necessary to develop a bioink for 3D bioprinting that achieves characteristics such as printing suitability, mechanical stability, biodegradability, non-toxicity and cell suitability. We aim to focus on bioinks that can be optimized with decreased shear stress and increased structural strength of a 3D construct after printing
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