Abstract
Normal 0 false false false IN X-NONE X-NONE Growing number of Indonesian Batik SMEs has been started since UNESCO announced batik as world heritage from Indonesia in 2009. However, this condition also brings negative impact related to water pollution. Huge variety of dyestuff always has been a challenge in estimating total pollution load from this sector. This study aim to estimate pollution load of some key parameters (BOD 5 , COD and TSS) of wastewater generated by Batik SMEs in Trusmi cluster. By calculating pollution load factor per unit product (PLU) trough analyzing waste water quality and quantity in every step of batik making process and considering type of fabric (cotton and silk) and type of dyestuff (Naphtol and Indigosol) as variable, it can be concluded that the PLU factor for BOD 5 and TSS is associated to the type of fabric, m eanwhile COD parameter is associated to the type of dyes. By multiplying the PLU factor with total production capacity from all SMEs in Trusmi cluster, it can be estimated that the total pollution load range in Trusmi area for BOD is at 5,9 – 39,5 ton/year; COD at 112-426 ton/year; and TSS at 4,88-16,3 ton/year. Keywords: batik, SMEs cluster, pollution load factor, waste water
Highlights
Setelah mendapatkan pengakuan dari UNESCO sebagai warisan dunia pada tahun 2009, industri batik di Indonesia makin berkembang pesat
This condition brings negative impact related to water pollution
Huge variety of dyestuff always has been a challenge in estimating total pollution load from this sector
Summary
Setelah mendapatkan pengakuan dari UNESCO sebagai warisan dunia pada tahun 2009, industri batik di Indonesia makin berkembang pesat. Selain dari sisa zat warna, limbah cair yang dikeluarkan oleh IKM batik juga mengandung bahan kimia pendukung proses produksi seperti NaOH, NaNO2, HCl, Na2CO3, dan Na2O3Si dengan konsentrasi yang bervariasi tergantung warna batik yang ingin dihasilkan. Kajian tentang faktor beban pencemar limbah cair IKM batik perlu dilakukan dengan mempertimbangkan variabel produksi yang dapat memengaruhi besaran beban pencemar (Coreia et al 1994). Dalam rangka inventarisasi terkait dengan beban pencemaran air dari sektor IKM batik yang merupakan salah satu sektor unggulan di Kabupaten Cirebon, kajian mengenai total beban pencemar limbah cair perlu dilakukan. Penelitian ini hanya fokus mengkaji parameter yang dipersyaratkan dalam Keputusan menteri LH No 51 Tahun 1995 sebagai bagian dari kegiatan inventarisasi, walaupun menurut Ritayanti (2011) terdapat beberapa zat warna jenis Naphtol yang masuk ke dalam kategori limbah bahan beracun berbahaya (B3) karena sifatnya yang karsinogenik
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