Abstract
Jute (Corchorus spp.) belongs to the Malvaceae family, and there are two species of jute, C. capsularis and C. olitorious. It is the second-largest natural bast fiber in the world according to production, which has diverse uses not only as a fiber but also as multiple industrial materials. Because of climate change, plants experience various stressors such as salt, drought, heat, cold, metal/metalloid toxicity, and flooding. Although jute is particularly adapted to grow in hot and humid climates, it is grown under a wide variety of climatic conditions and is relatively tolerant to some environmental adversities. However, abiotic stress often restricts its growth, yield, and quality significantly. Abiotic stress negatively affects the metabolic activities, growth, physiology, and fiber yield of jute. One of the major consequences of abiotic stress on the jute plant is the generation of reactive oxygen species, which lead to oxidative stress that damages its cellular organelles and biomolecules. However, jute’s responses to abiotic stress mainly depend on the plant’s age and type and duration of stress. Therefore, understanding the abiotic stress responses and the tolerance mechanism would help plant biologists and agronomists in developing climate-smart jute varieties and suitable cultivation packages for adverse environmental conditions. In this review, we summarized the best possible recent literature on the plant abiotic stress factors and their influence on jute plants. We described the possible approaches for stress tolerance mechanisms based on the available literature.
Highlights
Global climatic change disturbs ecological fitness and induces several abiotic stresses, which are considered as the significant constraints for crop productivity, namely, drought, waterlogging/flooding, salinity, extreme temperature, toxic metals/metalloids, etc. [1]
Plant growth and productivity are negatively hampered by abiotic stress, which can be alleviated by seed priming
Understanding plant abiotic stress responses of crop plants is a complex task as the plant acts differently under various abiotic stresses, and it depends on the levels and duration of the stresses
Summary
Global climatic change disturbs ecological fitness and induces several abiotic stresses, which are considered as the significant constraints for crop productivity, namely, drought, waterlogging/flooding, salinity, extreme temperature (high and low), toxic metals/metalloids, etc. [1]. Abiotic stress can hamper different morpho-physiological and biochemical features of plants, which leads to a considerable decrease in plant growth and productivity. Salt stress negatively affects jute growth and physiological parameters, which subsequently reduces yield quality [6]. Other stresses like toxic metals/metalloids, heat, and high light have a negative effect on jute growth and physiology [2,11]. To increase yields and improve fiber quality, plant biologists should know the actual plant responses under various forms of abiotic stress. Though abiotic stress substantially hampers growth, physiology, and productivity, a few studies have been conducted on the abiotic stress responses of jute. This review describes the morpho-physiological responses of jute under abiotic stress and feasible approaches to enhance abiotic stress tolerance
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