Abstract
When harvesting dead plants the reapers and mowers are equipped with crop lifters, which lift and feed dead plants (stems) to the cutter. High-quality work of well-known crop lifters is not always ensured due to poor following the relief of the mowed area. Therefore, the aim of the study was to improve the design of a stem lifter of a mower or header and to justify its parameters experimentally. The floating crop lifter is proposed for the use. It consists of a runner pivotally attached to the base, and the base is attached to the finger bar of the header cutter. A lifting pen is rigidly fixed to the runner at an angle of 35°. Between the base of the runner and the lifting pen, a gas strut with excess pressure is installed. The manufactured laboratory unit made it possible to carry out experimental studies. Implementation of the experimental design and computer processing of the obtained results made it possible to justify the optimal values of a number of indicators of the design of the crop lifter. The smallest material losses (less than 1%) were observed at coded values of the factors: X1 = 0...0.5; X2 = -0.25...0.25; X3 = -0.5...0. This corresponded to the natural values of the studied factors: runner length l = 450-500 mm; the load of the gas strut P = 45-55 N; operating speed of the unit υ = 1.2-1.6 m/s. The obtained exponential dependence on the parabolic function of these factors adequately describes the experimental results.
Highlights
Harvesting plants involves cutting them at the required height and removing the plant mass for subsequent disposal or processing
Rising plants for subsequent cutting of their stems is provided by a floating crop lifter, consisting of a runner pivotally attached to the base, and the base is attached to the finger bar of the header cutter
The manufactured laboratory unit made it possible to carry out experimental studies
Summary
Harvesting plants involves cutting them at the required height and removing the plant mass for subsequent disposal or processing. In crop production the main produced product is the grain mass [4] In this case, harvesting is complicated with dead plants and requires specialization of equipment for their preliminary rise and delivery for cutting [5]. The position of the knife relative to the soil surface and the presence of supply devices have a significant effect on the cut height of the plant [12]. In this case, the vibrations of the header design elements have a significant value [13, 14]. The task of raising plants for mowing them with following the surface of the soil is relevant in fodder production and in public utilities
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