Justification of the methods of material and technical maintenance and repair of agricultural machines

Abstract

This work substantiates the rational structure of the repair and maintenance base of agricultural machinery, methods for determining the needs for material and technical means, taking into account the appropriate proportions between the links of the repair network. The maintenance and restoration of the operability of tractors and other agricultural machines in sufficient limits is ensured, as is known, with the help of a system of maintenance and repair, which provides for the implementation of preventive maintenance operations and the conduct of routine and major repairs of machines in a planned manner. The established system of maintenance and repair, the creation of a material and technical basis for its implementation, as well as a continuous process of improving the qualifications of machine operators and repair personnel, contribute to the effective use of equipment in agriculture. At the same time, there are significant disadvantages in the use of tractors and agricultural machines. The analysis of the results of numerous studies of VIMa, ChIMESXa and other organizations made it possible to identify and systematize the loss of time due to machine downtime. In particular, machine downtime for regulated maintenance is 10-15% of the shift time, for technical malfunctions - from 5-8% for plowing, up to 30% for harvesting crops. The volume of work on the repair of cars in the country as a whole is more than 2 times higher than the standard. The efficiency of maintenance and repair of machines largely depends on the level of the material and technical base of these works - the availability of modern equipment and tooling, industrial buildings, warehouses, and other structures, inventories, means of transport and communications.