JUSTIFICATION OF THE COMPOSITION OF THE ENERGY SAVING SYSTEM OF MICROCLIMATE SUPPORT IN PIG FARMS

Abstract

One of the factors influencing the efficiency of animal husbandry is the conditions of keeping animals, in which ensuring an optimal microclimate is important. The traditional provision of an optimal microclimate for animals in order to obtain high productivity from them is associated with high costs of heat and electricity, which costs up to 15% of the producers. Therefore, the issues of improving energy-saving systems to ensure the microclimate in livestock facilities are always relevant and require scientific justification. The purpose of the research is to increase the efficiency of providing the microclimate in piggeries by substantiating the composition of the energy saving system for its implementation. As a result of a review of studies of the influence of microclimate parameters on the physiological state of pigs, it was found that their productivity is most affected by temperature and humidity in the room for their maintenance. Given the technological conditions of air in livestock premises (significant dust - up to 3,5 mg/m3, humidity - 40-70%, the presence of a high concentration of aggressive components - ammonia 20-30 mg/m3, hydrogen sulfide - 10-15 mg/m3, carbon dioxide gas – 0,2-0,35%) and the results of the analysis of heat recovery structures, heating and cooling systems, it was found that the sanitary and hygienic and operational indicators, high energy efficiency and low cost of construction are the most suitable for ventilation systems with tube heat exchangers with additional heating and adiabatic cooling. To ensure the microclimate in livestock facilities, a constructive-technological scheme of energy-saving system for providing microclimate in piggeries for different sex and age groups of animals has been developed.