Abstract
The long-term trends of crime rates are particu larly intricate questions in the field of historical crimino logy. Looking to England and Germany during the 19th and early 20th centuries, there are questionable and conflicting views on whether juvenile crime rates were rising or fal ling. This paper argues that more attention needs to be paid to the legal and administrative framework which determi ned the treatment of juvenile delinquents and hence the number of cases recorded in criminal statistics. The ana lysis of the practice of law enforcement does not only lead to more accurate estimates of juvenile crime rates but also to a different theoretical perspective on the interpretation of criminal statistics. The historical development of crimina lity as recorded in statistics must always be understood as the product of >real< delinquent behaviour as well as the society's desire to control and repress this behaviour. Cri minal statistics can help to trace these changing control strategies.
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