Abstract
Underwater acoustic (UWA) sensor networks demand high-rate communications with high reliability between sensor nodes for massive data transmission. Filtered multitone (FMT) is an attractive multicarrier technique used in high-rate UWA communications, and can obviously shorten the span of intersymbol interference (ISI) with high spectral efficiency and low frequency offset sensitivity by dividing the communication band into several separated wide sub-bands without guard bands. The joint receive diversity and adaptive equalization scheme is often used as a general ISI suppression technique in FMT-UWA communications, but large receive array for high diversity gain has an adverse effect on the miniaturization of UWA sensor nodes. A time-reversal space-time block coding (TR-STBC) technique specially designed for frequency-selective fading channels can replace receive diversity with transmit diversity for high diversity gain, and therefore is helpful for ISI suppression with simple receive configuration. Moreover, the spatio-temporal matched filtering (MF) in TR-STBC decoding can mitigate ISI obviously, and therefore is of benefit to lessen the complexion of adaptive equalization for post-processing. In this paper, joint TR-STBC and adaptive equalization FMT-UWA communication method is proposed based on the merit of TR-STBC. The proposed method is analyzed in theory, and its performance is assessed using simulation analysis and real experimental data collected from an indoor pool communication trial. The validity of the proposed method is proved through comparing the proposed method with the joint single-input–single-output (SISO) and adaptive equalization method and the joint single-input–multiple-output (SIMO) and adaptive equalization method. The results show that the proposed method can achieve better communication performance than the joint SISO and adaptive equalization method, and can achieve similar performance with more simpler receive configuration as the joint SIMO and adaptive equalization method.
Highlights
Activities in underwater environments such as environmental monitoring, equipment location and assisted navigation have promoted the development of underwater acoustic (UWA) sensor networks, where high-rate communications with high reliability are required for massive data transmission between sensor nodes [1,2,3]
time-reversal space-time block coding (TR-Space–time block coding (STBC)) encoding is used to mapping the information sequences to multiple Filtered multitone (FMT) modulators at the transmitter, TR-STBC decoding is used to decouple multiple symbol blocks and preprocess intersymbol interference (ISI) and adaptive equalization is used as post-processor to deal with residual ISI at the receiver
16ofof2020 method compared with the SISO method, the similar ISI suppression and signal-to-interference ratios (SIRs) can be acquired using compared with the SISO method, the similar ISI suppression and SIRs can be acquired using the the proposed method compared with the SIMO method
Summary
Activities in underwater environments such as environmental monitoring, equipment location and assisted navigation have promoted the development of underwater acoustic (UWA) sensor networks, where high-rate communications with high reliability are required for massive data transmission between sensor nodes [1,2,3]. To reduce the complexity of ISI suppression, multicarrier (MC) modulation has been used in UWA communications [9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20]. OFDM is sensitive to frequency offset due to the strongly overlapping sub-bands with narrow bandwidth, and the complex intercarrier interference (ICI) suppression technique must be exploited in OFDM-UWA communications. Filtered multitone (FMT) modulation is a multicarrier technique that splits the communication band into several separated wide sub-bands without guard bands [16,17,18,19,20]. Compared with OFDM, FMT is not sensitive to frequency offset due to non-overlapping sub-bands with much wider bandwidth. As the compromise between MC and OFDM, FMT has been applied to UWA communications in the last 10 years
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