Abstract
Heterogeneous cellular networks (HCNs) have emerged as the primary solution for explosive data traffic. However, an increase in the number of base stations (BSs) inevitably leads to an increase in energy consumption. Energy efficiency (EE) has become a focal point in HCNs. In this paper, we apply tools from stochastic geometry to investigate and optimize the energy efficiency (EE) for a two-tier HCN. The average achievable transmission rate and the total power consumption of all the BSs in a two-tier HCN is derived, and then the EE is formulated. In order to maximize EE, a one-dimensional optimization algorithm is used to optimize picocell BS density and transmit power. Based on this, an alternating optimization method aimed at maximizing EE is proposed to jointly optimize transmit power and density of picocell BSs. Simulation results validate the accuracy of the theoretical analysis and demonstrate that the proposed joint optimization method can obviously improve EE.
Highlights
Mobile wireless communications have experienced explosive growth over the past decade, which has resulted in higher data rate and coverage requirements [1,2]
Through symbolic computation and simulation, we find that the objective function is a convex function and has the global optimum
It can be seen that the simulation results are in line with the theoretical results, which validates the correctness of EE expression in Equation
Summary
Mobile wireless communications have experienced explosive growth over the past decade, which has resulted in higher data rate and coverage requirements [1,2]. In [28], the authors analyzed the impact of BS transmit power on EE of HCNs and proposed an algorithm to find the optimal picocell BS transmit power in order to maximize EE. In this paper, EE is defined as the ratio of average achievable transmission rate to BS power consumption. We intend to maximize the EE by jointly optimizing the deployment density and transmit power of picocell BSs. The main contributions of this paper are as follows. We derive the formulation of EE for a two-tier HCN with respect to MU density, BS densities, target signal-to-interference ratio (SIR), and power consumption of BSs. we use a one-dimensional search algorithm to find the optimal density and transmit power, respectively.
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