Abstract
Jihad in Memory and History
Highlights
Writing in 1997, Emad Eldin Shahin, after considering the choice of the countries of the Maghreb as significant, he regretted the fact that “the politics of the Islamic movements in the Maghreb has been woefully neglected by the English-‐speaking academia.”1 The choice of such a thorny theme2 has become all the more controversial that Muslim and non-‐Muslim scholars and laymen have begun to wonder if there is One Islam or many Islams
“Differences about the status of Jihad are a marked feature of early Islamic law, and details about the conduct of Jihad continue to reflect historical circumstance throughout the history of Islamic law in the Middle East.”88 What is significant in this study is the negation of any “authoritatively codified Islamic law before the nineteenth century
The first were the books on the military expeditions organized by the Prophet in the Medinian period, and some of those books included the military expeditions of early caliphs.”89 While books dealing with jihad increased, they belonged to two categories
Summary
Another striking paradox is to be found in the year 1979 or 1400 in the Islamic era. That year, a glamorous festival was planned as an expression of the Islamic Renaissance to coincide with the new Islamic Century. The most fervent Muslims, the most militant, experience intense psychological conflicts, due to their double marginality, within French society and in their relationship with ordinary Muslims This could be corroborated by the most recent growing cases of US Muslims turning terrorists: Major Hassan at Fort Hood in the fall of 2009 and a few new young Muslim citizens arrested between January and April 2010.17 The brutal and inhuman beheading of two Western journalists by ISIS has been one of the main items of the NATO meeting in Wales, UK, on Septmeber 3-‐4, 2014. The consequence is the imperative duty of questioning the religious, historical, and philosophical pertinence of such a pretense
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