Abstract
What makes you, you? Your genes. Every human has a unique genetic code made of genes. Genes are the basic physical and functional unit of heredity and are made of DNA. Each gene ranges from a few hundred DNA bases to more than 2 million. A human being has between 20,000 to 25,000 genes. Each person inherits two copies of each gene, one copy from the mother and the other from the father. Most of our genes are the same; less than one percent of genes differ between people. These differing components are known as alleles. Alleles are forms of the same gene but with small differences in their DNA bases, and alleles are what make each one of us unique. One’s genotype is the internal, inherited genetic code inside all living organisms. A phenotype is the outside, physical manifestation of those genes. Phenotype examples include skin, eye, and hair color. They are related to all that is physical, functional, or behavioral [1,2].
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