Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.): A review of in vivo and in vitro propagation

N A Alla,M Fári,M Ragab,É Domokos-Szabolcsy,H Taha,H El-Ramady,S Hodossi

doi:10.31421/ijhs/20/3-4/1148

Abstract

Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) is an old tuber crop with a recently renewed interest in multipurpose improvement. It is a perennial tuberous plant rich in inulin and is a potential energy crop. During food shortages in times of war Jerusalem artichoke received more attention by scientists and farmers because of its multiple uses as a vegetable, medicinal plant, forage plant and source for biofuel. The energy crisis of the 1970s motivated research on Jerusalem artichoke for biofuel as the aboveground plant biomass and the tubers can be used for this purpose. There are different methods to propagate Jerusalem artichoke using tubers, rhizomes, slips (transplants derived from sprouted tubers), stem cuttings, seeds and tissue culture. So, this review was presented to highlight on propagation of Jerusalem artichoke via in vivo and in vitro techniques.

Highlights

Jerusalem artichoke) Helianthus tuberosus), which is called sunchoke, sunroot, topinambur or earth apple, is a perennial species belongs to Asterceae family, native to eastern North America, closely related to the sunflower
The energy crisis of the 1970s motivated research on Jerusalem artichoke for biofuel as the aboveground plant biomass and the tubers can be used for this purpose
Inulin is a polymer of monosaccharide fructose,.Jerusalem artichoke is a healthy choice for diabetics, mainly cultivated as a vegetable, and utilized as fodder crop, and a source of inulin for food and industrial purposes (Kays and Nottingham, 2008b)

Summary

Introduction

Jerusalem artichoke) Helianthus tuberosus), which is called sunchoke, sunroot, topinambur or earth apple, is a perennial species belongs to Asterceae family, native to eastern North America, closely related to the sunflower. 2) , mainly cultivated as a vegetable, and utilized as fodder crop, and a source of inulin for food and industrial purposes (Kays and Nottingham, 2008b) This plant is among the best crops for inulin production. Along with the ability to add texture and improve rheological characteristics and nutritional properties of food allows inulin to be termed a functional food It can preferentially stimulate the growth and activity of one or a limited number of desired bacteria in the colon, and improves host health. Unlike sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), where seed represents the primary means of propagation, seed is not a viable method for the production of Jerusalem artichokes and is used only in breeding programs to obtain the progeny from crosses (Kays and Nottingham, 2008a)

Propagation of Jerusalem artichoke

Conclusion