Abstract
VANET (Vehicular Ad-hoc Network) is an ad-hoc wireless network which nodes are composed by mostly moving vehicles and infrastructure communications or access points along the road. It integrates adhoc networking, cellular technology, wireless LAN and other technologies, which include GPS(Global Positioning System), digital mapping, sensing technologies and advanced information processing tools to support Intelligent Traffic Systems (ITS). VANET is developed mainly to improve road safety and to increase the traffic efficiency. It is designed to support the exchange of warning messages among the vehicles to increase the passenger safety and other information related to VANET applications and services . To achieve these goals, there are several issues that should be addressed. One of these challenges is designing reliable and efficient Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol for VANET. Due to VANET’s distinguishing characteristics, such as high mobility of the nodes, dynamic network topology, enough battery power, high processing power, etc, the MAC protocols designed for MANET (Mobile Ad-hoc Network) are not suitable for VANET. The research community has been working to develop MAC protocols appropriate for this ad-hoc network by proposing new design or modifying the existing one.In this paper, the VANET’s architecture, characteristics, applications and standard are discussed and then a comprehensive study of several MAC protocols available in the literature is presented.
Highlights
In this paper, the Vehicle Ad-hoc Network (VANET)’s architecture, characteristics, applications and standard are discussed and a comprehensive study of several Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols available in the literature is presented
an ad-hoc wireless network which nodes are composed by mostly moving vehicles and infrastructure communications or access points along the road
It is designed to support the exchange of warning messages among the vehicles to increase the passenger safety
Summary
VANET adalah jaringan komunikasi ad-hoc dengan node-node jaringan berupa kendaraankendaraan dan titik-titik akses atau infrastruktur telekomunikasi yang terdapat di sepanjang jalan. Komunikasi yang terbentuk dapat berupa komunikasi antar kendaraan atau kendaraan dengan titik akses yang tersedia. Waktu yang diperlukan untuk membangun dan melaksanakan komunikasi antar kendaraan, maupun kendaraan dengan jaringan infrastruktur telekomunikasi yang ada sangat terbatas. 2. Protokol MAC dan Alokasi Kanal Media transmisi atau kanal yang disediakan untuk komunikasi pada suatu jaringan memiliki kapasitas terbatas. Komunikasi dari kendaraan ke RSU atau ke perangkat infrastruktur jaringan yang lain dapat dilakukan menggunakan berbagai teknologi wireless lain yang tersedia saat ini. B. Routing and Basic Safety Message Pesan ini biasanya dikirimkan oleh suatu node secara periodik, broadcast dan berisi berbagai informasi tentang status node tersebut, antara lain: posisi, kecepatan, dan arah node. Aplikasi-aplikasi tersebut beragam dan memerlukan perlakuan dari protokol MAC yang tidak sama karena memiliki prioritas yang berbeda-beda. Aplikasiaplikasi VANET dapat dikelompokkan menjadi 2 bagian, yaitu aplikasi yang berkaitan dengan keselamatan dan aplikasi yang tidak menyangkut keselamatan
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