Abstract
In a crowded committee room in Washington, DC’s Pan American Union building on a November Saturday in 1919, reporters leaned forward to catch every word of the angry exchange between Mrs Tanaka Taka1 and Mr Mutō Sanji over whether Japan should ban night work for women in its textile industry. Japan was one of the “Big-Five” powers, along with the United States, Great Britain, France and Italy, at the recently concluded peace talks in Paris. Like some 40 other nations, it had sent a delegation, including Tanaka and Mutō, to Washington for the first meeting of the International Labour Organization (ILO), the new body charged by the Versailles Peace Treaty with formulating international labour standards.2
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