Jadidism as a new phenomenon in the educational system of Muslims of the Samara Province at the turn of the XIX-XX centuries

Abstract

Since the 1880s, an active part of the Muslim intelligentsia has been striving to reform the educational system (the so-called Jadidism) on the territory of the Russian Empire. A Crimean teacher and public figure Ismail Gasprinsky (1851–1914) was at the origins of the spread of the Jadid educational system in Russia. In the future (1880s–1915s), centers of new-fashioned education appeared on the territory of the Volga-Ural region. Despite the fact that there were no such well-known and large-scale Jadid schools in the Samara Province, as, for example, in Kazan or Ufa, a new type of educational institutions starts appearing in some counties and the provincial center of the region. The author attempts a comparative analysis of the program of the Jadid schools of the Samara Province with other well-known new-fangled educational institutions of the Russian Empire. As a result, the author concludes that, for the most part, the Jadid schools of the Samara Province had much in common in educational and methodological approaches with other madrassas of the Russian Empire of this type: they clearly defined the terms of study, introduced secular subjects, carried out the sound method of teaching (Phonics). Moreover, education in native language, classroom teaching and fixed-term system became possible.