Abstract
American Indians (AI) have the highest smoking rates and lowest quit rates of any racial/ethnic group in the U.S. Researchers and community members from the American Indian Health Research and Education Alliance (AIHREA) created and evaluated a culturally-tailored smoking cessation program, All Nations Breath of Life (ANBL) as a recruitment tool for smoking cessation programs among AI. To increase enrollment in ANBL, AI smokers were approached at cultural events and asked to attend a 30-minute educational session (in-person, n= 179; tele-video, n=97). Tele-video (30%) and in-person (9%) session participants were recruited into ANBL. Pre- and post-tests showed participants in both sessions demonstrated increased motivation and confidence to quit smoking but significant differences were present in both sessions (p < 0.0001). Results indicate that theoretically guided and culturally tailored education sessions are viable approaches to educate and recruit underserved populations into programs that promote smoking cessation.
Highlights
Commercial tobacco usage rates among American Indians (AI) are the highest when compared to all other racial and ethnic groups in the U.S [1]
To better understand how to bolster AI participation into smoking cessation programs, we explored the utility of culturally tailored educational sessions as a recruitment tool
Results suggest that education sessions theoretically guided by the Health Belief Model (HBM) and community engagement principles were an effective way to inform AI smokers about smoking-related health outcomes and other tobacco facts specific to AI
Summary
Commercial tobacco usage rates among American Indians (AI) are the highest when compared to all other racial and ethnic groups in the U.S [1]. AI have the highest smoking rates (31.4%), followed most closely by whites (21.0%) and blacks (20.6%) [1]. AI demonstrate lower quit ratios (43%) than all other racial/ethnic groups (65%) [2]. Participation in smoking cessation and other health research programs is minimal among AI due to mistrust of health care providers, lack of knowledge concerning quit aids (i.e., pharmacotherapies), poor financial resources to purchase cessation treatment, inappropriate cultural messaging, and the failure to differentiate between traditional and recreational use [3]. Few culturally tailored smoking cessation programs for AI exist Few culturally tailored smoking cessation programs for AI exist (e.g. “Second Wind (Tainpeah, BlueEye),” [4], and fewer have been tested for efficacy and sustainability [5]
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