Abstract
Small charged molecules and ions play important roles in functioning proteins, including the cell signal transduction messenger Ca2+ and Na2+ and K+ for nerve impulse. In order to detect the movement of small charged molecules and ions in functioning proteins, an ITO (Indium tin oxide)-coated electrochemical device was adopted as one of the components when we designed a system to serve this need. In this bias-voltage free ITO-coated electrochemical system, we used a 6 to 8 kDa semi permeable membrane to separate the chamber intosample cell and reference cell, while the ITO-coated slides served as electrodes.The results showed we successfully employed ITO-coated electrochemical device to detect the light-driven proton and chloride signals of two light-driven ion pumps, bacteriorhodopsin and halorhodopsin, respectively. We also successfully detected the current signals caused by small charged molecules. We further used this device to investigate the relationship between mutated proteins and their functions. According to above results, this ITO-coated electrochemical device can be used to investigate the movement of small charged molecules and ions in functioning proteins in a quantive way.
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