Abstract
Sixty-six acetic acid bacteria (AAB) were isolated from fourty-five flowers and fruits collected in Hochiminh City, Vietnam. Of the sixty-six, thirty-one isolates were selected as dihydroxyacetone (DHA)-producing AAB based on the reaction with Fehling’s solution and grouped into three groups by routine identification with phenotypic features. Group I composed of fourteen isolates and was assigned to the genus Acetobacter, Group II composed of thirteen isolates and was assigned to the genus Gluconobacter and Group III was the remaining four isolates and was assigned to the genus Gluconacetobacter. Ten isolates among the thirteen isolates of Group II gave a larger amount of DHA (22.2–26.0 mg/mL) than Gluconobacter oxydans NBRC 14819T (19.8 mg/mL), promising for the potential use in producing DHA. In phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, six isolates of the ten potential DHA producers were suggested to be candidates for new taxa in the genus Gluconobacter.
Highlights
The production of dihydroxyacetone (DHA) is of interest in various applications in cosmetic, medicine, pharmaceuticals and food industries and in very cheap cost of glycerol, as the substrate for DHA production, due to the overproduction of this material by the biodiesel industry [10]
This study aims to preliminarily investigate the richness of diversity and the industrial applicability of bacterial resources in Vietnam through the isolation of DHA-producing acetic acid bacteria (AAB) from fruits and flowers based on physiological and biochemical characterization and on the 16S rRNA gene sequence along with screening for the DHA forming ability
Considering the numbers of 66 isolates obtained from 36 kinds of isolation sources, it can be preliminarily assumed that the presence of AAB in Vietnam is quite general (Table 1)
Summary
The production of dihydroxyacetone (DHA) is of interest in various applications in cosmetic, medicine, pharmaceuticals and food industries and in very cheap cost of glycerol, as the substrate for DHA production, due to the overproduction of this material by the biodiesel industry [10]. Strains assigned to Gluconobacter oxydans are widely used in the production of DHA through a microbiological method [6, 8]. Except for strains of the genus Gluconobacter, strains of some other genera of acetic acid bacteria such as the genera Acetobacter, Gluconacetobacter, Asaia, Kozakia, Swaminathania, Neoasaia, Tanticharoenia, Ameyamaea, Komagataeibacter and Endobacter were reported to have the ability to produce DHA [8]. Acetic acid bacteria showed an abundant diversity in tropical countries such as Thailand, Indonesia and the Philipines. Vietnam is a tropical country, there is no research on the microbial. Futhermore, it is quite rare report about the diversity of acetic acid bacteria in Vietnam
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