Abstract
BackgroundThe increased demand for oil and fats to satisfy the ever-increasing human needs has enhanced the research in this field. Single-cell oils or microbial lipids produced by oleaginous microorganisms are being utilized as an alternative to traditional oil sources. Oleaginous yeasts can accumulate lipids above 20% of their biomass when they are grown under controlled conditions. ResultsIn the present study, sixty-five yeasts were isolated from different sources. Using Sudan Black B staining technique, five yeast isolates were selected. Under nitrogen-limited cultivation conditions, the Co1 isolate was the best lipid accumulation potential of 39.79%. Isolate (Co1) was characterized morphologically and identified using the ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacers regions (rDNA-ITS) from their genomic DNA. The sequence alignment revealed a 99.2% similarity with Rhodotorula diobovata. Under the optimized conditions, Rhodotorula diobovata accumulated lipids up to 45.85% on a dry biomass basis. R. diobovata, when grown on different raw materials, accumulated lipid up to 46.68% on sugar beet molasses medium, and the lipid had a high degree of monounsaturated fatty acids which gives biodiesel better quality. ConclusionsThe data suggest that the potent oleaginous yeast, R. diobovata, together with the use of cheap feedstock raw materials such as sugar beet molasses, can be considered as a promising feedstock for biodiesel production.
Highlights
The increased demand for oil and fats to satisfy the ever-increasing human needs has enhanced the research in this field
The use of oleaginous microorganisms such as yeasts, fungi, and microalgae in biodiesel production is a potential solution to overcoming the vital inefficiencies of first-generation biodiesel [5], which competes with human food using vegetable oil as a raw material
Screening and characterization of oleaginous yeast colonies using the staining technique with Sudan black B The lipid accumulation process requires the exhaustion of a nutrient, usually nitrogen, to allow excess carbon to be incorporated into lipids
Summary
The increased demand for oil and fats to satisfy the ever-increasing human needs has enhanced the research in this field. As a result of the consumption of fossil fuels and their derivatives, several environmental problems and global climate change rapidly appeared [1]. This has created a surge in interest in alternative sources for petroleum-based fuels. Biodiesel fuels, described as fatty acid methyl esters obtained from various renewable lipid sources, have gained a lot of attention in recent years as an alternative fuel because they are green, biodegradable, renewable, non-food based liquid transportation fuels, safe to the environment, and nontoxic [3, 4]. The use of oleaginous microorganisms such as yeasts, fungi, and microalgae in biodiesel production is a potential solution to overcoming the vital inefficiencies of first-generation biodiesel [5], which competes with human food using vegetable oil as a raw material
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