Abstract
Abstract The toxic component from the venom of the common sea snake (Enhydrina schistosa) was isolated by passage of the venom through a carboxymethyl cellulose column. The preparation, which was shown to be homogeneous by zonal electrophoresis, ultracentrifugation, isoelectric focusing, and gel filtration, had a median lethal dose 50% (LD50) toward mice of 0.044 µg per g of body weight. The molecular weight of the toxic protein, as determined by sedimentation velocity and diffusion experiments, was found to be 7200. The minimum molecular weight calculated from amino acid analysis was 7000. The isoelectric point, determined by isoelectric focusing, was 9.2. Although hyaluronidase, alkaline phosphatase, phosphodiesterase, phospholipase A, acetylcholinesterase, DNase, leucine amino peptidase, and clotting activity could all be detected in unfractionated venom; no enzymatic activity could be found in the purified toxin. The compound N-bromosuccinimide completely destroyed the toxicity of the preparation, which, under the conditions employed, strongly suggests that tryptophan is necessary for toxicity.
Highlights
The toxic component from the venom of the common sea found that this same venom produced muscle weakness and ressnake (Enhydrina schisfosa) was isolated by passageof the piratory paralysis, while Cheymol et al (7) attributed toxicity of venom through a carboxymethyl cellulose column
DNase, leucine amino peptidase,and clotting activity could all This paper will describe a procedure for the isolation of the be detected in unfractionated venom; no enzymatic activity toxin from the Common Sea Snake (E. schistosu) commonly could be found in the purified toxin
A summary of the purification is presented in Table I, where it can be seen that E. schistosa consists of five toxic components, the most toxic of which was about 2 times more toxic than the starting material
Summary
The toxic component from the venom of the common sea found that this same venom produced muscle weakness and ressnake (Enhydrina schisfosa) was isolated by passageof the piratory paralysis, while Cheymol et al (7) attributed toxicity of venom through a carboxymethyl cellulose column. Sato molecular weight calculated from amino acid analysis was et al (9) isolated the toxins from the venom Latica.uda laticaudata. The compound N- found in the Gulf of Thailand, Strait of Malacca, Vietnam Coastal bromosuccinimide completely destroyed the toxicity of the waters, and the Bay of Bengal This toxin will be shown to be preparation, which, under the conditions employed, strongly homogeneous by a number of criteria, and report on some of its suggeststhat tryptophan is necessaryfor toxicity. The amount of venom which can be extracted from a venomous sea snake is only 3 to 4 mg as compared to up to 1 g from land snakes
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