Abstract
The present study aimed at characterizing biological potentials of endophyte Aspergillus terreus JAS-2 isolated from Achyranthus aspera. Crude extracted from endophytic fungus JAS-2 was purified and chemically characterized by chromatographic and spectroscopic studies respectively. Spectral assignment of NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) data, 1H proton and 13C carbon analysis along with FTIR data elucidated the structure of compound as 4,5-Dihydroxy-3-(1-propenyl)-2-cyclopenten-1-one. After purification and identification a set of experiment was conducted to explore efficacy of compound. Results revealed that on accessing the antifungal activity of compound, growth diameter of tested phytopathogenic fungi was reduced to 50% at higher concentration taken (10 μgμl−1). Compound exhibited in-vitro bacterial cell inhibition at 20 μgml−1 concentration along with moderate antioxidant behavior. Evaluation of anticancer activity against human lung cancer cell line (A-549) exhibited its IC50 value to be 121.9 ± 4.821 μgml−1. Further cell cycle phase distribution were analyzed on the basis of DNA content and evaluated by FACS (Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorting) and it was revealed that at 150 μgml−1 of compound maximum cells were found in sub G1 phase which represents apoptotic dead cells. Terrein (4, 5-Dihydroxy-3-(1-propenyl)-2-cyclopenten-1-one) a multi-potential was isolated from endophytic fungus JAS-2, from well recognized medicinal herb A. aspera. To best of our knowledge, this is the first report of “Terrein” from endophytic derived fungus. This compound had also exhibited anticancer and antifungal activity against human lung cancer cell line A-549 and Bipolaris sorokiniana respectively which is causal organism of many plants disease. Hence endophytes are serving as alternative sources of drug molecules.
Highlights
Endophytic microbial are reputed entities for their rich metabolic factories
Different fractions eluted from column chromatography (CC) were separated by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and assessed for antibacterial activity
Column Chromatography (CC) and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) The crude isolated from JAS-2 was directly chromatographed using silica gel column eluted with a CHCl3/MeOH gradient (Figure 1A)
Summary
Endophytic microbial are reputed entities for their rich metabolic factories. They colonize inter and intracellular spaces of tissues of higher plants without causing apparent damage to the plants in which they live. The crude extract and purified compound were screened for cytotoxicity and anti-proliferative activity by MTT assay (Mossman, 1983). Staining Procedure A-549 cells were seeded in six-well plates and treated with different concentrations including IC50 value of both extracts for 24 h in CO2 incubator. Treatment and Sample Preparation A-549 cells (1 × 105 cells/well) were treated with three different concentrations (near to its IC50 value) of crude and pure compound Terrein for 24 h in complete DMEM.
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